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Persian-American author

Mírzá Aḥmad Sohráb (March 21, – April 20, ) was a Persian-American author and Baháʼí who served as 'Abdu'l-Bahá's secretary and interpreter from to He co-founded the New History Society and the Caravan of East and West in New York and was excommunicated from the Baháʼí Faith in by Shoghi Effendi.

Biography

Early life

Born a Baháʼí in Sedeh, Isfahan Province, Persia (now Iran), Sohrab's father 'Abdu'l-Baghi was a descendant of Muhammad. 'Abdu'l-Baghi was the chief dyer of the town. Both sides of Sohrab's family, his mother and his father, claimed descent from Imam Husayn, grandson of Muhammad.

His mother died when Sohrab was a few months old, while she herself was still a teenager, and he was taken to live with his maternal grandmother in Isfahan.

New History Society

By , he had founded an organization called the Persian-American Educational Society. Later that year he sailed to Europe "in the interests of his work".^[1] Sohrab was secretary and interpreter to 'Abdu'l-Bahá from to He emigrated to the United States in , sailing as a first class passenger from Port Said, Egypt to New York, on board the S/S Yeboshi Maru.

In the s, while living in Los Angeles, he helped write a scenario for a movie dealing with Mary Magdalene, for the actress Valeska Surratt. In Cecil B. Demille released The King of Kings which the duo claimed he had stolen from their scenario.

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The website is no longer updated and links to external websites and some internal pages may not work. The government will not assail you…. You have no oath registered in Heaven to destroy the government, while I shall have the most solemn one to preserve, protect and defend it. Lincoln thought secession illegal, and was willing to use force to defend Federal law and the Union. When Confederate batteries fired on Fort Sumter and forced its surrender, he called on the states for 75, volunteers.

Suratt sued Cecil B. Demille and others in , and mentioned that Sohrab had helped her write the play.^[2] The case went to trial in and was quietly settled out of court.^[3]

He found it necessary to go to New York to discuss business matters with Miss Surratt and it was through her that he was introduced to Lewis Stuyvesant Chanler and his wife Julie.

Together they formed the "New History Society" in as an indirect way of spreading the teachings of the Baháʼí Faith.

On Mar 10, , "Mirza Ahmad Sohrab" filed a petition for naturalization in the US District Court of New York City. The petition states that he is 39 years old and residing at 28 W 50th Street.

Biography of john f. kennedy: Abraham Lincoln (born February 12, , near Hodgenville, Kentucky, U.S.—died April 15, , Washington, D.C.) was the 16th president of the United States (–65), who preserved the Union during the American Civil War and brought about the emancipation of enslaved people in the United States.

Caravan of East and West

The New History Society gave rise in to the Caravan of East and West, and the Chanler's New York house was now called Caravan House. This foundation was designed to prepare children and youth to join the New History Society. This group had a quarterly magazine called The Caravan, where Sohrab's partial autobiography first appeared.

(The autobiography appeared again in , shortly after his death, with a few additional paragraphs which add little.)

"The Caravan of East and West is an educational movement, the chief activity of which is international correspondence. It numbers 1, Chapters in 37 countries, with an aggregate membership of , children, young people and adults.

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Its publications, The Caravan and Pen Friends Guide, respectively appearing quarterly and monthly, keep the large circle of its readers informed as to the growth and influence of the movement. The New History Society and the Caravan is a movement in itself for the spreading of the Baháʼí ideals and principles, independent of and unaffiliated with the Baháʼí organization."^[4]

Sohrab had already published a few books, pamphlets and a movie scenario, when in , with Julie Chanler he wrote a book that provided an overview of many of the events of the Baháʼí movement; it contained a description of the events of the Báb, Baháʼu'lláh &#; his claim in the Garden of Ridván&#; Táhirih, and 'Abdu'l-Bahá.

The book also contains several pictures, including some which may be unique.

The Split

Mrs. Chanler attempted to patch things up between Sohrab and Horace Holley, "one of the chief men in the American Baháʼí Administration".^[5] But Sohrab refused to allow the New York Spiritual Assembly to have oversight of the affairs of the New History Society.

Since Holley sat on the National Spiritual Assembly at this time, this led to a confrontation which resulted in Sohrab and the Chanlers being expelled from the Baháʼí community about

Marriage

It was while accompanying Abdul Baha in , that Ahmad briefly met and began wooing Juanita Marie Storch, when she was brought by her father to meetings with Abdul Baha in Oakland and San Francisco in The Storch family, at that time was living in Oakland, Alameda County, California.

Sohrab returned to Palestine, but the wooing took place long-distance by means of "five hundred letters". The coming of World War I, put a temporary halt to the letters as they were apparently being confiscated or at least not allowed through the lines, but at the end of the war, the lovers re-made their acquaintance (see The Oakland Tribune, 26 Dec ).

Sohrab's wife and daughter remained faithful to Shoghi Effendi and changed their names.^[6]

Lawsuit

In , Allen McDaniel and others, as members of the National Spiritual Assembly, filed suit against Sohrab to try to stop him from using the name Baháʼí. The NSA felt this created the impression that Sohrab was "connected with and authorized to represent the Baháʼí religion"

This suit was filed in the Supreme Court of New York County.

The judge granted a motion to dismiss, stating that "the plaintiffs have no right to a monopoly of the name of a religion. The defendants, who purport to be members of the same religion, have an equal right to use the name of the religion"

The judge mentioned that the complaint could be further amended ^[7] and the NSA appealed ^[8] but the Appellate Court affirmed the decision of the lower court.

Collaboration with other opponents of Shoghi Effendi

After his excommunication, Sohrab joined forces with other people who opposed Shoghi Effendi. Part of this combination was a court case raised by Qamar Baháʼí, Jalal the grandson of Mírzá Músá and others in about –1, challenging Shoghi Effendi's right to carry out major construction work around the Shrine of Baháʼu'lláh.

One of their key witnesses, Nayyir Afnan, died shortly before the case was due to open, and it all came to nothing. One of the culminations of this was a meeting that was held in Famagusta in the late s.

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Representatives of all three main generations of what Baha'is call "Covenant-breakers" were present including: Jalal Azal representing the followers of Mirza Yahya, 'Ismat and others represented the followers of Mírzá Muhammad 'Alí, and Ahmad Sohrab represented those opposed to any form of administration. One of the aims of this conference was to build a mausoleum over the grave of Mírzá Yahyá.

To this end, an amount of money was collected but it "disappeared" and nothing came of the project.^[9]

Moojan Momen notes that:

"In theory, the second generation, who accepted Baháʼu'lláh, should have had nothing to do with the first generation followers of Azal, the enemy of Baháʼu'lláh. Similarly, the third generation, accounting themselves loyal followers of 'Abdu'l-Bahá, should have had nothing to do with the second generation who were vehement opponents of 'Abdu'l-Bahá; even less should they support the first generation.

But in fact strong links formed between these generations."^[10]

Final years

Caravan eventually severed the links with the Baháʼí Faith, but Sohrab, Mrs. Chanler, and their organizations continued claim association with the Baháʼí Faith as long as they both were living.

The Caravan existed for a time as a worldwide pen-pal club with social ideals.

In addition, there are various references to the Caravan Art Gallery at this same address. There are also references in Mrs. Chanler's and Sohrab's writings to art showings.

Sohrab died April 20, ^[11] In his obituary he is described as "leader of the Reform Baháʼí Movement in the United States and co-director of the Caravan of East and West".

The New History Society is now defunct, not outliving Sohrab, however the Caravan of East and West persisted and currently operates at the same address as Caravan Institute, an adult-education Italian language school with no connection to the Baháʼí Faith.

Works

• The Diary of Ahmad Sohrab: Diary Letters and Notes ().
• 'Abdu'l-Bahá in Egypt.

  New York: J. H. Sears & Co for the New history Foundation, Approved by the Publishing Committee of the National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of the United States and Canada.

• Heart Phantasies,
• The New Humanity, appeared daily for some time in a Santiago newspaper, (sometime before ), date uncertain.
• The Song of the Caravan.

  Another ed. also , New York, The Grayzel Press ed., xii, New York: George Dobsevage for the New History Foundation,

• Living Pictures. In the Great Drama of the 19th Century. (with Julie Chanler) New York: The New History Foundation, E 65th St, New York, Reprinted. H-Bahai: Lansing, Michigan,
• I Heard Him Say.

  Words of 'Abdu'l-Bahá as Recorded by his Secretary. New York: The New History Foundation, Digitally republished, East Lansing, Mi.: H-Bahai,

• The Bible of Mankind, (ed.) pp., Universal Publishing Co., E 65th St, N.Y.,
• A Persian Rosary of Nineteen Pearls. 2nd. ed. New York, Caravan of East & West, n.d. [?] 3rd.

  ed. New York, Caravan of East & West, n.d. [?] ed., [4]. New York: New History Society, n.d. [].

• 'Abdu'l-Bahá's Grandson: Story of a Twentieth Century Excommunication. New York: Universal Publishing Co for The New History Foundation, Reprinted.
  Sohrab mirza biography of abraham lincoln His family upbringing was modest; his parents from Virginia were neither wealthy or well known. At an early age, the young Abraham lost his mother, and his father moved away to Indiana. Abraham had to work hard splitting logs and other manual labour. But, he also had a thirst for knowledge and worked very hard to excel in his studies. This led him to become self-trained as a lawyer.

  H-Bahai: Lansing, Michigan,

• Brand, Max and Mirza Ahmad Sohrab [libretto Max Brand, and Julie Chanler; Music Max Brand]. The Gate: Scenic Oratorio for Soli, Chorus, and Orchestra in Two Parts (19 Scenes). New York: Associated Music Publishers,
• The Will and Testament of 'Abdu'l-Bahá, An Analysis. New York: Universal Publishing Co, Reprinted.

  H-Bahai: Lansing, Michigan,

• The Story of the Divine Plan. Taking Place during, and immediately following World War I. New York: The New History Foundation, Digitally republished, East Lansing, Mi.: H-Bahai,
• Ioas, Leroy, Mrs Lewis Stuyvesant [Julie Chanler] Chanler, and Ahmad Sohrab. Three Letters. [11] leaves.
  Sohrab mirza biography of abraham lincoln for kids His eloquent support of democracy and insistence that the Union was worth saving embody the ideals of self-government that all nations strive to achieve. In , he issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which freed slaves across the Confederacy. He was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth in , at age 56, as the country was slowly beginning to reunify following the war. Thomas was a strong and determined pioneer who found a moderate level of prosperity and was well respected in the community. When Lincoln was 9 years old, his year-old mother died of tremetol, more commonly known as milk sickness, on October 5,

  New York: Caravan of East and West,

• Living Schools of Religion. Vergilius Ferm, ed. Ames, Iowa: Littlefield, Adams & Co., Chapter 19, "The Baháʼí Cause," by Mirza Ahmad Sohrab (pages –14)
• My Baháʼí Pilgrimage. Autobiography from Childhood to Middle Age. New York: New History Foundation, Reprinted.

  H-Bahai: Lansing, Michigan,

Works about him

• Biographical Sketch of Mirza Ahmad Sohrab, Director of the Caravan of East and West, Inc. 3. n.p. [New York?]: n.d. [].
  Biography of abraham lincoln books Abraham Lincoln , a self-taught lawyer, legislator and vocal opponent of slavery, was elected 16th president of the United States in November , shortly before the outbreak of the Civil War. His family moved to southern Indiana in In , his family moved to Macon County in southern Illinois , and Lincoln got a job working on a river flatboat hauling freight down the Mississippi River to New Orleans. After settling in the town of New Salem, Illinois, where he worked as a shopkeeper and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics as a supporter of the Whig Party , winning election to the Illinois state legislature in Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay and Daniel Webster , Lincoln opposed the spread of slavery to the territories, and had a grand vision of the expanding United States, with a focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

  Collins

• Light-Bearer Magazine: A Persian Rosary, Winter , pg 50 (reprint from The Theosophist, )

See also

References

External links